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Lenovo E145: Backlight

Symptoms

The backlight brightness of an Lenovo E145 laptop with a Radeon HD 8240 graphics controller can not be adjusted on Debian. Neither the Fn-F7/Fn-F8 keys are working nor any other interface.

Solution

Force the use of the kernel Radeon driver by installing the (non-free) Radeon firmware.

Background

There are several drivers that may be used by the Linux kernel and the X Windows System. The trick is forcing the correct one, as not all drivers support the backlight.

Udev: resolve a changed MAC address

Symptoms

After changing the MAC address (Ethernet address) of your network adapter, it does not get an IP address. This can happen within a virtual machine or when replacing the network card in a physical machine. If you try an ifconfig -a or an ip addr list, you see that the name of the network card has changed (for example, from eth0 to eth1).

OpenVPN: Routing content for your connection point

Symptoms

You use a VPN to connect your mobile device, for example your laptop, to your server. All traffic should go through this VPN, as you do not trust random networks you may connect to. This works fine, except when you try to connect to your server through its public IP address. As this is also the IP address that is used as the VPN end point, traffic to it does not go through the VPN but is routed, unencrypted, through the untrusted network.

Sendmail: Using TLS for authentication

Symptoms

You have a laptop or other mobile device running Debian. You have your own Sendmail server, also running Debian. You want to send email from your laptop, but your Sendmail server does not accept your emails if you are not on your local network.

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by Dr. Radut